Ionel Asanache, Alexandru Cristian Ionescu, Romeo Ciortan
DOI: 10.2478/ouacsce-2024-0009
Pages: 75-85
Abstract – Maritime transport plays a crucial role in the global economy,
facilitating international trade in goods and services. With the increasing volume of
transported goods, large-tonnage ships have grown significantly in size, imposing
substantial demands on berthing structures. This article examines the impacts of large
tonnage ships on quays and other berthing structures, highlighting the challenges and
available solutions. Berthing structures are classified and analyzed based on the
materials used and the type of structure, including gravity quays, sheet pile quays, and
jetties.
Large-tonnage ships are classified based on their carrying capacity and technical
specifications, with each type of vessel having distinct operational requirements. The
stresses on berthing structures include static pressure, impact during berthing, and
bollard pull. The scour phenomenon, caused by the water jet generated by ship
propellers, is a major concern as it can lead to the instability and degradation of quays.
Traditional protection methods, such as the use of riprap and reinforced concrete,
are complemented by modern solutions, including composite materials and advanced
technologies like 3D printing. These innovations provide durable and adaptable
solutions for quay protection.
In conclusion, the design and implementation of effective protection measures are
essential to ensure the durability of port infrastructure. Recommendations include the
use of a combination of traditional and modern methods, continuous monitoring, and
the adoption of sustainability policies. This enables ports to effectively address the
challenges posed by large-tonnage ships while maintaining long-term safety and
functionality.
Keywords – berthing structures, large-tonnage ships, maritime transport, protection
methods, scour.
